HortEnsiA: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Garden Resource, Education, and Environment Nexus and factorial validation study / Adaptación transcultural del nexo entre recursos del jardín, educación y medio ambiente y estudio de validación factorial. / HortEnsiA: adaptação transcultural do Garden Resource, Education, and Environment Nexus e estudo fatorial de validação

School gardens is an educational environment and made important changes in children and adolescents' attitudes. However, although the positive aspects of the implementation of school gardens are recognized, there is no instrument in Brazil to assess school adherence to school garden proposals. This study aimed to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation of the Garden Resource, Education, and Environment Nexus ("GREEN") tool, and to validating it for the Brazilian reality. The process of operationalizing cross-cultural adaptation was based on the procedures suggested by the WHO. The psychometric study was carried out by exploratory factor analysis. The translated and cross-culturally adapted tool was applied to 125 civil servant respondents from 93 schools in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Throughout the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the original English "GREEN" tool, the "HortEnsiA" construct was created and properly adapted to Portuguese. The psychometric assessment points to a better organization of management and social activities related to the school garden at school. It was observed that the participation of agricultural technicians in the construction and application of the "HortEnsiA" tool can contribute to optimize the use of the school garden as an educational environment in the Brazilian reality.

As hortas escolares como ambiente educador, reconhecidamente, têm desempenhado importantes mudanças nas atitudes dos estudantes. Porém, apesar dos aspectos positivos já descritos, não há no Brasil um instrumento que avalie a adesão da escola as propostas da horta escolar. O presente estudo objetivou adaptar transculturalmente e validar o instrumento Garden Resource, Education, and Environment Nexus (GREEN), após autorização da autora Kate Gardner Burt. O processo de operacionalização da adaptação transcultural baseou-se nos procedimentos sugeridos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde. O estudo psicométrico foi realizado por análise fatorial exploratória. O instrumento traduzido e adaptado transculturalmente foi respondido por 125 servidores de 93 escolas do Município do Rio de Janeiro. Ao longo do processo da adaptação transcultural do instrumento original em inglês "GREEN" foi criado o constructo "HortEnsiA" (Horta, Ensino e Ambiente). A avaliação psicométrica aponta a necessidade de uma melhor organização da gestão e das atividades sociais ligadas a horta na escola. A partir da participação de técnicos agrícolas na construção e aplicação do instrumento "HortEnsiA" observou-se que a presença destes profissionais pode contribuir na otimização da implementação e uso da horta como ambiente educador.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation of the Brazilian Portuguese Version of the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire.

The present study describes the cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian version (Rio de Janeiro) of the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire (CFSQ) among caregivers of children aged 3 to 6 years enrolled in a family health service in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The cross-cultural adaptation process included the following phases: (1) literature review; (2) translation and back-translation of the instrument; (3) assessment of semantic equivalence through cognitive interviews with caregivers; (4) discussion with experts; (5) pretesting of the revised version; and (6) assessment of psychometric characteristics, including reliability and validity of the scale. Results showed the appropriateness of the caregiver's feeding styles concept within the Brazilian culture and that the instrument was understandable to caregivers enrolled in a family health service. The CFSQ measurements showed perfect intra-observer reliability for "demandingness" and almost perfect for "responsiveness". Inter-observer reliability was almost perfect for both dimensions, "demandingness" and "responsiveness". Factor analysis of the Brazilian CFSQ version proposed an instrument with one dimension and 13 items. The satisfactory results of the cross-cultural adaptation of the CFSQ suggest its applicability in the population of interest with the possible reduction of some scale items.

Body composition and Basal metabolic rate in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective. The aim of this study was to determine which of the seven selected equations used to predict basal metabolic rate most accurately estimated the measured basal metabolic rate. Methods. Twenty-eight adult women with type 2 diabetes mellitus participated in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were measured as well as body composition (by absorptiometry dual X-ray emission) and basal metabolic rate (by indirect calorimetry); basal metabolic rate was also estimated by prediction equations. Results. There was a significant difference between the measured and the estimated basal metabolic rate determined by the FAO/WHO/UNU (P value < 0.021) and Huang et al. (P value ≤ 0.005) equations. Conclusion. The calculations using Owen et al's. equation were the closest to the measured basal metabolic rate.

Reproducibility study of the meal quality index / Estudio de reproductibilidad del índice de calidad de comida

Objective: The aims of this study were to replicate the Meals Quality Index (MQI) and to analyze the reproducibility of two indices (MQI-5 and MQI-10) to measure the quality of meals offered at a University Restaurant. Method: The food supply was assessed by direct observation of the portioning of preparations distributed to students. Meal quality was determined using two MQI procedures, MQI-5 and MQI-10. It was decided by Cronbach alpha to check the internal consistency and reliability of MQI for university students. Results: The Cronbach alpha results were 0.41872 and 0.4427, respectively for ten and five components. Comparing the amounts of nutritional components in the MQI (10 and 5 components), it was found that carbohydrate was higher for MQI-10 and total fat and saturated fat for MQI-5. Conclusion: The Cronbach alpha value cannot to be credited in this study of replication due to the small sample size. Regarding reproducibility, when the total score between methods (MQI-5 and MQI-10) was compared, no similarity between results was found, although methodologies were applied to individuals in the same group (university students).

Objetivos: Replicar el Indice de Calidad de las comidas (IQC) y analizar la reproducibilidad de dos IQC, es decir, los componentes IQC-10 y IQC-5, ambos para medir la calidad de la comida ofrecida en una cafetería universitaria. Método: El suministro de alimentos se evaluó mediante la observación directa de la división en porciones de preparaciones distribuidas a los estudiantes. La calidad de la comida se determinó a través de dos procedimientos los componentes IQC-10 y IQC-5. El alfa de Cronbach fue elegido para comprobar la consistencia interna y la fiabilidad de la IQC para los estudiantes universitarios. Resultados: Los resultados de alfa Cronbach fueron 0,41872 y 0,4427, respectivamente, para IQC-10 y IQC-5 componentes. Al comparar las cantidades nutricionales de la IQC (10 y 5 componentes), se encontró que los hidratos de carbono fueron mayores para el IQC-10 y la grasa y la grasa saturada en el IQC-5. Conclusión: El valor de alfa de Cronbach no puede ser acreditado en este estudio para la replicación, debido al modesto tamaño de la muestra modesto. En cuanto a la reproducibilidad, cuando la puntuación total se comparó entre los dos métodos (IQC-5 y IQC-10), no se encontró una similitud en los resultados, a pesar de las metodologías se aplicaron a los individuos de un mismo grupo (estudiantes universitarios).